Moving beyond embryonic stem cells: a promising horizon

Moving beyond embryonic stem cells: a promising horizon

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For nearly two decades, the medical world and the American public have attempted to resolve the controversial issue of stem cells, especially the discussion on human embryos. Four years ago, when scientists “reprogrammed” successful body cells to convert adult stem cells, some thought that the ethical debate had almost finished. These redirected cells known as induced pluripotent cells (or iPS cells), contain therapeutic possibilities.

“The advantage is no need to destroy any human embryo,” says hematologist and oncologist at Mayo Clinic, Dr. C. Christopher Hook, who in the July issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings is a review of science and ethics of stem cell technologies. “It is expected that these cells become unnecessary embryonic stem cells, although the scientists who work with them saying they have not yet reached that point.”

The stem cell scientists still consider the cells derived from embryos as the gold standard between such cells, their pluripotency, or ability to become any tissue in the body. Other stem cell technologies also offer advantages, eg blood cells, bone marrow and umbilical cord contains stem cells that treat leukemia and other cancers of the blood, but because they are adult stem cells lacking of pluripotency, have limitations as universal regenerative therapy. In contrast, the newly induced pluripotent stem cells that come into the picture can be drawn directly from each patient to genetically redirect to replace diseased cells, avoiding immune rejection and the need for existing embryos or eggs to create them.

Dr. Hook says that there are still challenges ahead with induced pluripotent cells and that the public should not expect that within a year or less, and emerging therapies.

“One of the problems in the development of stem cell technologies, in general, advertising has been unreal and therapies promise much faster than science does produce,” says Dr. Hook.

In an editorial in the same issue, the medical geneticist, Dr. Andre Terzic, Professor “Family Inn” for Cardiovascular Research at Mayo Clinic, says that while the technology for induced pluripotent cells might still not have reached their role is invaluable for studying diseases and testing new treatments.

“In order to help patients, we must accelerate the pace both in research and in the discoveries of regenerative medicine,” says Dr. Terzic

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